Background/Objectives: Transcriptomic profiling has enabled the classification of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) into distinct subtypes, such as Germinal Center B-Cell-like (GCB) and Activated B-Cell-like (ABC), primarily in HIV-negative patients.
Abstract Background: The optimal therapy for patients with relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma remains controversial. In this context, the quality of long-term remissions after high-dose therapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) is of special interest, but remains insufficiently studied.
Poorly differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (pNEC) is a rare but highly aggressive neoplasm. The median survival is less than 12 months. We present the case of a 66-year-old man, incidentally diagnosed with pNEC during evaluation for a bilateral pulmonary embolism.
Primary immune deficiencies, also known as Inborn Inborn errors of immunity, are a large family of genetically characterized diseases that compromise innate and adaptive immunity.
Clinical Image A 59-year-old man diagnosed with follicular thyroid carcinoma was admitted to our department for ablative Radioiodine Therapy (RAI) following total thyroidectomy. The initial course of RAI was administered with 4.085 MBq of I-131-NaI under exogenous TSH stimulation. The post-therapy scan revealed focal radioiodine uptake at the right lateral frontal sinus margin. Over the course of three RAIs, totaling 12.739 MBq of I-131-NaI, the patient achieved complete remission of Differen...
Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, with 10 million fatalities in 2020. Despite advancements in treatment, significant gaps exist in holistic care, particularly in Palliative Care (PC). This study evaluated barriers and referral practices among healthcare providers to improve PC access and outcomes for oncology patients.
Pseudoprogression (PsP) refers to either visually observed or imaging-detected tumor enlargement followed by regression after cancer therapies. Characterized by robust localized immune infiltration, PsP is most commonly seen in immunotherapies, with an occurrence rate of around 10% [1]. However, there was limited discussion of oncolytic therapy-related PsP. We argue that PsP is a commonly encountered phenomenon in oncolytic virotherapy, warranting increased attention during assessments in clini...
Sickle cell disease is a well-known cause of hemolytic anemia, which causes several systemic complications. Cerebral Fat Embolism (CFE) secondary to avascular necrosis of the bones is a rare, known complication of sickle cell disease. Here, we report a case of a young gentleman who presented with an acute onset of progressive drowsiness, followed by fever, generalized body aches, and shortness of breath secondary to CFE. CFE usually happens secondary to the dislodgement of fat particles from wi...
Cardiac tamponade occurs when fluid or blood accumulates in the pericardial space, often resulting in reduced cardiac output and hemodynamic compromise. Malignancy is an uncommon cause of pericardial effusion, and cardiac tamponade being the first indication of malignancy, either primary or metastatic, is rare. In this case study, we present the instance of a 56-year-old woman with no known medical history, whose first sign of underlying malignancy was acute cardiac tamponade, emphasizing the i...
The case of a patient is 35-year-old patient with no known history of smoking, alcoholism, obesity, or gastroesophageal reflux disease who presented to the emergency room with a history of dysphagia for six months and abdominal pain located in the epigastric region. Secondary to dysphagia progressing from solid to liquid food, decreased food intake, and a 70-pound weight loss. An endoscopy was performed, evidencing a mass of 40 centimeters from the dental arch. A biopsy was taken, reporting an ...
Hepatic Actinomycosis (HA) is a rare actinomycosis that sometimes confuses with malignancy. Hepatic involvement has been reported in only 5% of actinomycosis cases and is usually facilitated by a history of abdominal surgery, foreign body, pancreatitis, or pancreatic cyst drainage.
Intussusception is when a proximal segment of the gastrointestinal tract telescopes into an adjacent segment. It is a common presentation in children. On the other hand, intussusception is a rare condition in adults and often points to an underlying pathology. Intussusception in adults should thus raise concerns to the clinician of possible intra-abdominal pathology. In this case, an adult patient presented with recurrent abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction; intussusception was diagnosed ...
Introduction: Cancer metastasis to the thyroid gland from other sites is rare. Case Presentation: a 59-year-old female with a previous history of uterine leiomyosarcoma presented with a plongeant toxic multinodular goiter.
Glomangiomas are rare and benign tumors of glomus bodies, specialized vascular structures found in the skin. Both sporadic and familial types have been reported. The clinical diagnosis of glomangioma can be confusing and easily missed. Hence, a histological diagnosis is necessary. We report the first case of regional glomangioma diagnosed in our clinic, which was successfully managed by surgical excision.
Malignancy is an established risk factor for thromboembolism. Various chemotherapeutic agents increase the risk of venous and arterial thromboembolism. Though venous thromboembolism has been reported, arterial thrombosis is not widely described in the literature. Patient with cervical cancer treated with cisplatin-based concurrent radiation-chemotherapy diagnosed with arterial thrombosis has not yet been reported. We report two cases of acute mesenteric and celiac arterial thrombosis. Often the...
After starting treatment with Abiraterone acetate, we report two patients with advanced prostate cancer with rapid progression and metastasis into the urinary bladder. Treatment was pursued with palliative intent.
Improving survival for children with cancer has been attributable to the provision of intensive therapies (i.e., high-dose chemo/radiotherapy and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-HCT). However, as a result of these treatments, most children suffer and experience severe and distressing treatment-related symptoms such as taste and smell alterations that can hamper the quality of life of these patients by influencing their appetite, body weight, and psychological well-being. In addition, one of ...
Background: Clinicopathological features in Triple Negative Breast Cancer may be different by ethnicity. However, little is known about the characteristics of this subtype in Togolese women. The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyze the clinical and pathological features of triple negative breast cancer in Togolese women and evaluate the survival of patients treated.
Aim: Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is used for the management of oral mucositis in patients treated with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PBM for oral mucositis during radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy.
Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is an extremely rare cause of recurrent abdominal pain and acute, sub-acute, or chronic intestinal obstruction. There are two types of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis described: Primary or Idiopathic type (abdominal cocoon) and secondary type. While the cause of primary SEP is unknown, secondary SEP can develop in association with some surgical interventions like “liver transplantation, peritoneal dialysis, peritoneo-venous shunts” in addition to that, ...
Electrical conductivity plays a crucial role in the life of organisms. Based on electrical conductivity, there are such processes as neural information transfer, which allows a living organism to receive information and respond to it within the shortest time possible. Nonetheless, in addition to transmitting information, electrical conductivity gives us the ability to encode this information, execute control processes, and launch a complex system of reflex-related, behavioral, and mental proces...
COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread across the globe, claiming millions of lives. However, many have survived after infection. There are multiple risk factors associated with the disease's fatality like age, immunity, gender, diabetes, organ transplantation, etc. Host immune response plays a critical role in the control of infection and pathogenesis during this viral infection. Therefore, any treatment that modulates host immune response should be critically analyzed before its implementat...
Pancreatic Adenocarcinomas (PACs) are highly aggressive neoplasms. To date, surgery remains the most effective treatment. Adjuvant Gemcitabine is commonly is used as a chemotherapeutic for resected PAC patients. Previous studies demonstrate that Gemcitabine is incorporated into cancer cells via the Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 (ENT1). Hence, ENT1 expression has been proposed as a predictive biomarker in PAC. However, evidence supporting its use as a prognostic biomarker is still lacki...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread globally, resulting in an ongoing pandemic [1–2]. As of May 12, 2020, more than 4.23 million cases have been reported across 187 countries and territories, resulting in more than 289,000 deaths. More than 1.48 million people have recovered [3].
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia is a paradoxical state of nociceptive sensitization caused by exposure to opioids. Some patients who were receiving opioids for treating pain become more sensitive to certain painful stimuli. Its diagnosis may be confounded by a worsening pain pathology, withdrawal, or opioid tolerance. Several options in treating opioid-induced hyperalgesia include opioid reduction dosage, opioid rotating, or switching to a non-opioid adjuvant, such as ketamine or methadone.
Introduction: Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare form of cancer mainly associated with textured breast implants and tissue expanders recalled in early 2019 in Canada. Currently, there are no consensus and no shared best practices to approach the BIA-ALCL associated social and psychological implications. This article aims to share the CHU de Québec-Université Laval’s practice in taking its social responsibility and approaching the BIA-ALCL associated re...
In this perspective article, we review novel and unresolved concepts related to the biology of cancer metastasis that may be reasonably connected and resolved through the study of alterations in the gut microbiome. We hope this perspective generates discussion and a research agenda that contributes to our understanding of metastatic dormancy, the development of the pre-metastatic niche, and metastatic endurance.
Objectives: Cervical cancer is one of the common gynecological cancers that have high mortality and morbidity rate in developing countries because of late presentation due to lack of awareness programs and limited medical facilities. Brachytherapy is one of the modalities in its treatment. Much Data is available in the literature for Low Dose Rate (LDR) and High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy (BT) with little published data for Moderate Dose Rate (MDR) BT.
Background: The Oncotype DX Colon Cancer Assay is a 12-gene assay that measures recurrence risk in stage II and III colorectal cancer patients that help oncologists make treatment decisions. Although adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with resected stage III colorectal cancer is routinely recommended, its benefit remains controversial in stage II colorectal cancer patients; thus, the real-world use of Oncotype DX Colon is of great clinical interest. The purpose of this study was to investigate ...
Adenomyoepithelioma (AME) with myoepithelial carcinoma of the breast is rare and diagnosed following histological and immunohistochemical analysis. In the present case study, we describe a 38-year-old female patient with malignant AME with ultrasonographic and core biopsy findings. Histopathology revealed biphasic tubular proliferation and epithelial cells with atypical nuclei with obvious pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, and frequent mitosis. Overall Ki-67 proliferation index reached 30%. The pat...
A large number of genomic and post-genomic studies in this century have been conducted to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis and precision medicine. However, the incidence and mortality associated with gastrointestinal cancer have been increasing in the higher age range. Here, this review presents preemptive medicine to delay or prevent the onset of gastrointestinal cancer through an intervention based on molecular biomarkers, including an individua...
Isolated nodal recurrence of ovarian cancer is infrequent. For selected patients cytoreductive surgery can improve the survival. The response rate for second line chemotherapy for recurrent ovarian cancer is around 50%–60%, 20%–30% and 10% in platinum-sensitive, platinum-resistant and platinum-refractory patients respectively. IMRT uses a computer algorithm to optimize dose to the target and minimize dose to organs at risk by modulating and shaping the beam either with static or dynamic beams.
In Extramedullary multiple myeloma, muscular involvement not adjacent to bone lesions (Especially multiple and diffuse) is rare. We report a case of multiple myleoma with multiple-diffuse muscle involvement confirmed by biopsy.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and patterns of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers among obese and non-obese patients. Background: Obesity is associated with many comorbidities. Several studies concluded that there is an association between obesity and different types of cancers. But the prevalence and patterns of GI cancers among obese patients need to be investigated.
More than 100 types of papillomavirus have been identified so far, they are completely tissue-specific. About 5 of these infect the genital area from one person to another through sexual contact. Delayed proteins include L1 and L2, which form the virus capsid. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer after breast cancer in women worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) accounts for more than 2% of cervical cancers.Among them, about 15 carcinogenic genotypes have been identified as high-ris...
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) is responsible for 4% of all cancer cases in the United States, but its conventional treatment options have experienced limited success. Patients develop resistances to the standard chemotherapy, CHOP, as well as Rituximab, a chemosensitizing agent used in concert with CHOP. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T cell) therapy may be a viable option for patients with refractory/relapsed NHL. In this new immunotherapy, a CAR is genetically added to the surface of T ...
Background and purpose: Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SART) has been associated with both impressive early responses and high rates of early-stage NSCLC control. This article reviews the overall survival, local control, toxicity and failure of SART in patients with early-stage NSCLC. Material and methods: The systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines. Survival outcomes were evaluated for early-stage NSCLC. Local control and toxicity outcomes were evaluated for any centr...
Background: Despite of the fact that nurses play a key role in caring for dying patients, nurses describe themselves as lacking confidence in providing care for the dying. Aim: This study sought to assess nurses’ perceived attitudes toward end-of-life nursing care. Further, the study aimed to assess whether a relationship exists between work setting and nurses’ attitudes toward end-of-life nursing care.
Introduction: Neuroendocrine carcinoma coexisted with adenocarcinoma in cervix is very rare. This disease have a very poor prognosis and so far no standard treatment has been obtained. Case Illustration: A 39-years-old woman seeks medical attention with chief complaint of bleeding outside of menstruation. Ultrasound: EL (+) enlarged portio with a mass of 3.8 cm × 2.7 cm.
Background: Aurora kinases represent a family of serine/threonine kinases with an important role in cell division regulation. We evaluated the association of Aurora Kinase-A (AURKA) and Aurora Kinase-B (AURKB) with other apoptotic-like proteins, clinicopathological factors and survival in a cohort of Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OTSCC) patients. Methods: AURKA, AURKB, P53 and Survivin expression using immunohistochemistry, with a cut-off point of 10% was performed in 100 OTSCC patients.
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